Amaronline.com » HTML

HTML Character Entities

amaronline — Thu, 20 Nov 2008 13:22:19 +0000

Reserved characters in HTML must be replaced with character entities. Character Entities Some characters are reserved in HTML. For example, you cannot use the greater than or less than signs within your text because the browser could mistake them for markup. If we want the browser to actually display these characters we must insert character entities in the HTML source. A character entity looks like this: &entity_name; OR &#entity_number; To display a less than sign we must write: < or < The advantage of using an entity name instead of a number is that the name often is easier to remember. However, the disadvantage is that browsers may not support all entity names (while the support for entity numbers is very good). Non-breaking Space The most common character entity in HTML is the non-breaking space. Normally HTML will truncate spaces in your text. If you write 10 spaces in your text HTML will remove 9 of them. To add lots of spaces to your text, use the character entity. Try It Yourself This example lets you experiment with character entities: Try it yourself Commonly Used Character Entities Note Entity names are case sensitive! Result Description Entity Name Entity Number non-breaking space < less than < < > greater than > > & ampersand & & ¢ cent ¢ ¢ £ pound £ £ ¥ yen ¥ ¥ € euro € € § section § § © copyright © © ® registered trademark ® ®

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Basic HTML Tags

amaronline — Thu, 20 Nov 2008 12:59:37 +0000

This chapter covers some basic HTML tags like headings, paragraphs and line breaks.
Try it Yourself – Examples

The best way to learn HTML to work with examples.

We have created a nice HTML editor for you. With this editor, you can edit HTML source code, and click on a test button to view the result.

A very simple HTML document
This example is a very simple HTML document, with only a minimum of HTML tags. It demonstrates how the text inside a body element is displayed in the browser.

Simple paragraphs
This example demonstrates how the text inside paragraph elements is displayed in the browser.

(You can find more examples at the bottom of this page)
Headings

Headings are defined with the

to

tags.

defines the largest heading.

defines the smallest heading.

This is a heading

HTML automatically adds an extra blank line before and after a heading.

Try it yourself
Paragraphs

Paragraphs are defined with the

tag.

This is a paragraph

This is another paragraph

HTML automatically adds an extra blank line before and after a paragraph.

Try it yourself
Don’t Forget the Closing Tag

You might have noticed that paragraphs can be written without end tags

This is a paragraph

This is another paragraph

The example above will work in most browsers, but don’t rely on it. Future version of HTML will not allow you to skip ANY end tags.

Closing all HTML elements with an end tag is a future-proof way of writing HTML. It also makes the code easier to understand (read and browse) when you mark both where an element starts and where it ends.
Line Breaks

The
tag is used when you want to break a line, but don’t want to start a new paragraph. The
tag forces a line break wherever you place it.

This
is a para
graph with line breaks

Try it yourself

The
tag is an empty tag. It has no end tag like
, since a closing tag doesn’t make any sense.

or

More and more often you will see the
tag written like this:

Because the
tag has no end tag (or closing tag), it breaks one of the rules for future HTML (the XML based XHTML), namely that all elements must be closed.

Writing it like
is a future proof way of closing (or ending) the tag inside the opening tag, accepted by both HTML and XML.
Comments in HTML

The comment tag is used to insert a comment in the HTML source code. A comment will be ignored by the browser. You can use comments to explain your code, which can help you when you edit the source code at a later date.

Note that you need an exclamation point after the opening bracket, but not before the closing bracket.

Try it yourself
HTML Elements

* Each HTML element has an element name (body, h1, p, br)
* The start tag is the name surrounded by angle brackets:

* The end tag is a slash and the name surrounded by angle brackets

* The element content occurs between the start tag and the end tag
* Some HTML elements have no content
* Some HTML elements have no end tag

You will learn more about HTML elements in the next chapter of this tutorial.
Basic Notes – Useful Tips

When you write HTML text, you can never be sure how the text is displayed in another browser. Some people have large computer displays, some have small. The text will be reformatted every time the user resizes his window. Never try to format the text in your editor by adding empty lines and spaces to the text.

HTML will truncate the spaces in your text. Any number of spaces count as one. Some extra information: In HTML a new line counts as one space.

Using empty paragraphs

to insert blank lines is a bad habit. Use the
tag instead. (But don’t use the
tag to create lists. Wait until you have learned about HTML lists.)

HTML automatically adds an extra blank line before and after some elements, like before and after a paragraph, and before and after a heading.

We use a horizontal rule (the

tag), to separate the sections in our tutorials.
Examples From This Page

A very simple HTML document
This example is a very simple HTML document, with only a minimum of HTML tags. It demonstrates how the text inside a body element is displayed in the browser.

Simple paragraphs
This example demonstrates how the text inside paragraph elements is displayed in the browser.

Headings
This example demonstrates the tags that display headings in an HTML document.

Line breaks
This example demonstrates the use of line breaks in an HTML document.

Hidden comments
This example demonstrates how to insert a hidden comment in the HTML source code.
More Examples

More paragraphs
This example demonstrates some of the default behaviors of paragraph elements.

Poem problems
This example demonstrates some problems with HTML formatting.

Horizontal rule
This example demonstrates how to insert a horizontal rule.
Basic HTML Tags

If you lookup the basic HTML tags in the reference below, you will see that the reference contains additional information about tag attributes.

You will learn more about HTML tag attributes in the next chapter of this tutorial.
Tag     Description
    Defines an HTML document
    Defines the document’s body

to

    Defines header 1 to header 6

    Defines a paragraph

    Inserts a single line break

    Defines a horizontal rule
    Defines a comment

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What is HTML?

amaronline — Tue, 18 Nov 2008 16:54:57 +0000

HTML is a language for describing web pages. * HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language * HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language * A markup language is a set of markup tags * The markup tags describe how text should be displayed by a web browser HTML Markup Tags * HTML tags are markup codes surrounded by brackets like * HTML tags normally come in pairs like and * The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag What is an HTML File? * An HTML file is a text file with markup tags * An HTML file must have an htm or html file extension * An HTML file can be created using a simple text editor * An HTML file is often called an HTML document or a web page When a browser displays a web page, it will not display the markup tags. The browser uses the markup tags to understand the layout of the page. An HTML Document

This is my first paragraph

This is my second paragraph

Try it yourself Example Explained When a browser displays a web page, it will not display the markup tags. The text between the and tags describes a web page. The text between the and tags is displayed in the web browser. The text between the

and

tags is displayed as paragraphs. The text between the and tags is displayed in a bold font. Writing HTML In this tutorial we use a plain text editor (like Notepad) to edit HTML. This is a good way to learn HTML. However, professional web developers often prefer HTML editors like FrontPage or Dreamweaver, instead of writing plain text. In the next chapter of this tutorial, you will learn how to create a web site on your computer.

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Welcome to Amaronline!

amaronline — Tue, 18 Nov 2008 13:25:01 +0000

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Amaronline.com » HTML

HTML Character Entities

Basic HTML Tags

to

tags.

defines the largest heading.

defines the smallest heading.

This is a heading

This is a heading

This is a heading

This is a heading

This is a heading

This is a heading

* The end tag is a slash and the name surrounded by angle brackets

to

Defines header 1 to header 6 Defines a paragraph Inserts a single line break Defines a horizontal rule Defines a comment Share on Facebook

What is HTML?

Welcome to Amaronline!

Defines header 1 to header 6

Defines a paragraph

Inserts a single line break

Defines a horizontal rule
Defines a comment

Share on Facebook